The Persian Empire After its Defeat in Greece (ca. 479-425 BC)

The Persian Empire After its Defeat in Greece (ca. 479-425 BC)

Much has been written about the David-and-Goliath story in which the small coalition of Greek city-states defeated the…

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The Gorgoneion – A Symbol of Medusa

The Gorgoneion – A Symbol of Medusa

There was an association between the gorgoneion (which simply means the head of a gorgon) and magic, even…

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Persian Rule in Egypt – The Twenty-Seventh Dynasty (525-333 BC)

Persian Rule in Egypt – The Twenty-Seventh Dynasty (525-333 BC)

Egypt was originally conquered by the Persians under Cyrus the Great's son Cambyses, who invaded and subjugated Egypt…

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A Second, Smaller City of Argos

A Second, Smaller City of Argos

Unfortunately for us, this second Argos appears very little in the historical record. The only detailed account of…

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Climax of the Gallic Wars: Julius Caesar vs. Vercingetorix

Climax of the Gallic Wars: Julius Caesar vs. Vercingetorix

Vercingetorix was Caesar’s most formidable opponent to date by far, and Caesar knew it. He writes in his…

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Jovinus the Usurper & the end of Roman Power in Germany

Jovinus the Usurper & the end of Roman Power in Germany

Described as Germany’s oldest city, Trier was founded under Augustus but only rose to prominence in the late…

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A Goat-Head Hecte of Phocaea

A Goat-Head Hecte of Phocaea

Not many ancient coins depict goats, with most of the goat coins emanating from the region of Thrace…

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Hadrian in Egypt – The Mysterious Demise of Antinous

Hadrian in Egypt – The Mysterious Demise of Antinous

Hadrian and Antinous hunted lions together in the Libyan desert and then headed back to the Nile for…

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A Small Piece of Archaic Greek Style

A Small Piece of Archaic Greek Style

This small and unassuming coin is one of the first issues of Cnidus, a city on the southern…

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Sybaris, Italy – A Greek Colony Wiped from History

Sybaris, Italy – A Greek Colony Wiped from History

Near the middle of the Archaic Period (ca. 8th century BC), around the time of the possibly fictitious epic…

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From Carmona to Picasso: Iberian Aesthetics

From Carmona to Picasso: Iberian Aesthetics

Pablo Picasso (1881-1973) was captivated by this pre-Roman Spanish style, taking inspiration from all manner of Iberian art,…

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The Cult of Isis – Egyptian Religion in Rome

The Cult of Isis – Egyptian Religion in Rome

Isis, along with Serapis, were the two principal deities that spread from Greek-ruled Egypt (under the Ptolemies) to…

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